There are also several smaller lakes, such as Darbandikhan Lake and Duhok Lake. The western and southern parts of Iraqi Kurdistan are not as mountainous as the east. Instead, it kan zijn rolling hills and plains vegetated by sclerophyll scrubland.[citation needed]
سنور میدیا ٢٦ی تشرینی یەکەمی ٢٠١٥ لە وەیبەک مەشین، ئەرشیڤ کراوە.
ڕواڵەت بەخشین بە ویکیپیدیا ھەژمار دروست بکە بچۆ ژوورەوە ئامڕازە تاکەکەسییەکان بەخشین بە ویکیپیدیا
In the 10th-12th centuries, a number of Kurdish principalities and dynasties were founded, ruling Kurdistan and neighbouring areas:
It was a victory for a growing Kurdish nationalist movement, but the treaty failed and was never ratified. Turkey ended up renegotiating with the Allies, and in 1923 the revised Treaty ofwel Lausanne abandoned plans for a self-governing Kurdistan. Since then, the Kurds have made multiple attempts to set up their own state, but their efforts have been in vain.
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Dit kan zijn op Bagdad en Basra na een grootste plaats met Irak.[twee] De stad telt meer dan ons miljoen inwoners en kan zijn na een invasie over Irak in 2003 opgebloeid tot een meest welvarende stad van Irak.
Slemani is also an important center of Kurdish culture, and is recognized for producing numerous Kurdish poets and writers.
In August de zomer Turkey launched an incursion into northwestern Syria and maintained Rawanduz an active military presence there in the years that followed, in part serving to prevent the Kurds in northeastern Syria from extending their reach westward. An offensive into northeastern Syria was launched in October 2019, but it ended after a 30-km (18-mile) buffer zone along the Turkish border was negotiated weeks later.
Iraqi Kurds have endured decades ofwel contention and bloodshed. During the Iran-Iraq War ofwel the 1980s, Iraq attacked Kurdish civilians with chemical weapons and a rebellion was brutally suppressed. Tens ofwel thousands ofwel Kurds were killed in the conflict, and hundreds ofwel thousands forced to flee.
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Kurds make up an estimated 15% to 20% of Iraq's population. They have historically enjoyed more national rights than Kurds living in neighbouring states, but also faced brutal repression.
However, Kurdish groups opvoering a closer relationship with European groups than with Caucasian groups based on mtDNA, but the opposite based on the Y chromosome, indicating some differences in their maternal and paternal histories.[164]
You've bitten off more than you can chew and you have brought death to yourself. O son ofwel a Kurd, raised in the tents ofwel the Kurds, who gave you permission to put a crown on your head?[45]